Implications of Environmental Toxicants on Male Reproductive Toxicity: A Mini Review

Authors

  • Samuel Damilare Shoyinka*1 and Mathias A. Emokpae 2 Author

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.4314/

Keywords:

Male, Hazardous Substances, Reproduction, Humans

Abstract

Male reproductive toxicity refers to harmful effects on the reproductive system that can impact sexual ability and fecundity in men, as well as adversely affect the development of their offspring. The male reproductive system is affected by environmental toxins. This review seeks to shed more light on the impact of environmental toxicants on male reproduction and its implications for Nigerians. Relevant articles used for this review were obtained from many internet search engines. Environmental toxicants are substances or agents produced or generated into the environment by human actions that are capable of causing damage. Among the pollutants found in the environment are toxic metals, chemicals used for pest, electromagnetic radiation, plastics and other hormone-disrupting substances, airborne pollutants, alcoholic beverages, and other drugs for recreation. The imitation of ions, disruption of cellular communication pathways, epigenetic control over the expression of genes, oxidative stress-triggered apoptosis, changed gene expression, and endocrine disruption have all been proven by literature as some of the processes by which they compromise male reproductive health. In exposed Nigerians, environmental toxins have been documented to reduce blood testosterone concentrations, number of sperm cells, overall motility, viability, and percent morphological characteristics. Male reproductive toxicity laboratory studies comprise spermogram tests, hormonal assessment, toxicological studies, and probable effects on children. Based on studies of the literature, the falling male reproductive potential is linked to unrestricted exposure without sufficient prevention and management. In the infertile belt of sub-Saharan Africa, especially Nigeria, this can be worst. Therefore, bio-monitoring, lifestyle modification, and enforcement of preventive measures could help to lessen the effect of ecological toxins on male reproduction.

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Published

2025-01-18