Histopathological Study of Cervical Lesions in Onitsha, Nigeria.

Abstract

Affirmation of the diagnosis of uterine cervix cancer entails histopathology of the cervix. This study recorded the diverse sorts of cervical lesions among females who undertook cervical biopsy at Nkeoma Specialist Diagnostic Clinic and Laboratory, Fegge, Onitsha, Anambra State in Nigeria. Ethical assertion was received from the Research and Ethics Committee of the Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, Delta State University, Abraka in Nigeria. This retrospective assessment was effected among 60 females who undertook cervical biopsy at Nkeoma Specialist Diagnostic Clinic and Laboratory in Onitsha between February 1 st to July 31 st 2018. The patients’ ages and biopsy aftermaths were logged. The data accumulated were collated and anatomized having recourse to the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20. Chi-square was put to use in probing for significant age variation in the manifestation of cervical lesions. A p- value below 0.05 was reckoned to be significant. Of the 60 cervical biopsies evaluated 30 (50%) were infections, 14 (23.3%) malignancies, 9 (15%) benign tumours and 7 (11.7%) dysplasias. The ratio of benign to malignant cervical tumours is 0.6:1. The cervical malignancies interposed were 11 squamous cell carcinomas, 2 adenocarcinomas and 1 poorly- differentiated carcinoma. Cervical lesions were more pervasive 33 (51.7%) in age group 31-45 years. A significant interdependence was cognized between the manifestation of the cervical lesions and age (p=0.00). The most prevailing
sort of cervical lesion identified was infection. Cervical lesions were more rampant in the age class 31-45 years.