Pathologic Improvements by Some Dietary Plants in an Animal Model of Carcinogenesis

Abstract

Cancer morbidity and mortality is on the rise worldwide. Despite advances in medical sciences, its management is costly, and access is not available to poorest individuals particularly those in low income developing countries. The aim of this study is to assess the
potential of some commonly consumed plants for their anti-neoplastic potential using an animal model of cancer. We focus on 3 commonly consumed plants - Amaranthus hybridus, Basella alba and Talinum triangulare. Chemical carcinogenesis was induced in female Wistar rats using the well-established 7, 12-Dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) method and treated with aqueous extracts of the leaves of these plants. Analysis of the hepatic enzymes showed improvement of hepatic damage. This was confirmed by histological examination of the liver. Histologic examination of the colon and mammary glands were also done to confirm these observations. Moreover, the plants also contained bioactive metabolites such as tannins, saponins and other alkaloids. The plants showed an improvement in histological features in the organs of interest. This study indicates the potential role of these plants in the
resolution of cellular injury or in the suppress neoplastic cells. Their incorporation in the diet of cancer patients is recommended.