Talinum trangulare (Waterleaf) Stem Extract Has Reno-Hepato Protective Potentials than Ameliorative Effects on Acetaminophen Toxicity in Sprague-Dawley Rats

Abstract

Acetaminophen intoxication is not uncommon globally while herbs are increasingly utilized to counter many synthetic adverse drug reactions over time. It is against this concept that we investigated renal and hepatic protective/ameliorative potentials of Talium trangulare stem extract on acetaminophen toxicity in rats. In-bred Sprague-Dawley rats of both gender, 12-15 weeks old and weighed 188-202g were grouped (A to F, n=4) in a sanitized facility, wire-gauzed, and bedded with wood-dust. They adapted to facility temperature (25 ± 5ºC), humidity (45± 5%) and photoperiods (12:12hr day/night) for 14 days. Pelletized feeds® and water were provided while animal weights were measured before and after treatment. Control (group A) was untreated; group B administered 500 mg/kg b.w. T. trangulare L. extract while, Group C received 500 mg/kg b.w. acetaminophen. Group D treated with 500 mg/kg b.w. extract and 500 mg/kg b.w. acetaminophen. Group E administered 500 mg/kg b.w. acetaminophen and 500 mg/kg b.w. extract. Group F administered mixture of 500 mg/kg b.w. and 500 mg/kg b.w. acetaminophen. All rats were treated by oral intubation for 40 days at two days interval and sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood sample was collected through cardiac puncture to determine kidney and liver functions while related organs were processed histologically. Group C, E and F showed gross reductions in weight but marked in group C. Histopathology revealed varying degrees of deleterious effects in group C with abnormal hepatic and renal parameters (p ≤ 0.05). In conclusion, the present extract has protective potentials against acetaminophen intoxication in renal and hepatic cells than reversal effects.