Effects of Metformin-Rosiglitazone on Glucose, Coagulation and Fibrinolysis among Diabetics

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of metabolic diseases in which there is chronic hyperglycaemia. Diabetes is due to either poor islet cells functions or defects in glucose receptors. Symptoms of DM include frequent urination, increased thirst, and increased hunger. If left untreated or poorly treated, diabetes can cause many complications. There is a high risk of atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease in people with diabetes. This phenomenon is largely explained by a deregulation of factors involved in coagulation and platelet activation. The effects of improved glycemic control on PAI-1 levels in type 2 diabetes have been demonstrated for different oral antidiabetic therapies, such as Metformin alone or in combination with Rosiglitazone. Metformin decreases hyperglycemia primarily by suppressing glucose production by the liver. Metformin and Rosiglitazone have a favorable effect on the coagulation system in diabetes. Therefore, routine examinations of Prothrombin Time (PT), Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time (APTT) and other coagulation parameters are important to assess coagulation impairment in diabetes in order to prevent thromboembolic cardiovascular disease. This paper highlights the efficacy of metformin-rosiglitazone combination therapy for management of type 2 diabetes and its effect on coagulation and fibrinolysis.