Changes in Some Haemostatic Parameters Among Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease in Kano Metropolis

Abstract

It has long been accepted that Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) causes alterations in haemostatic parameters.  These changes have not been reported in our community. The aim of this study was to determine the pattern of some haemostatic parameters of patients with CKD in Kano metropolis. This cross- sectional study involved 115 participants grouped into 60 CKD subjects (26 of which were on dialysis treatment and 34 were not) and 55 apparently normal subjects without CKD who served as controls. Five milliliters of venous blood were collected from each participant and divided into three aliquots; one milliliter of blood in a plain non-anticoagulated tube that was used for urea and creatinine; two milliliters of blood in sodium citrate tube used for prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) and two milliliters of blood into Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulated tube used for platelet count. Urea and Creatinine were estimated by Urease Berthelot’s Reaction and Alkaline Picrate methods respectively. Citrated plasma was used within one hour of sample collection for the determination of PT and APTT. Platelet count (PLC) was determined using haematology autoanalyser (Nortek Genesis Tm HA6000). Our results have shown extremely large alterations in PT and platelet counts with prolongation in PT and insignificantly higher platelet counts and lower APTT among the CKD patients compared to controls. This result indicates that patient with CKD have impaired haemostatic parameters and are therefore at risk of bleeding and require close monitoring.