Phenotypic Detection of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Produced by Gram-Negative Uropathogens in Sokoto Metropolis

Abstract

Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) produced by Gram-negative uropathogens constitute an emerging public-health concern. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of ESBL producing enterobacteriaceae uropathogens in Sokoto. The study was undertaken at Specialist Hospital Sokoto (SHS) over a 2-month period. Ninety-one urine samples were collected. The isolates collected were identified using biochemical tests. All isolates were tested for susceptibility to eight different antibiotics by the modified Kirby Baeur disc diffusion. Screening and confirmatory tests for ESBL production were done according to Clinical Laboratory Standard Institute (CLSI) guidelines. A total of 25 isolates were Gram-negative which accounted for 41% prevalence, while 59% accounted for Gram-positive. E. coli was the most common isolates (44%), followed by Proteus mirabilis (20%), Klebsiella spp (16%), Enterobacter spp (12%), and Salmonella spp (8%).  All isolates displayed multi-drug resistance. The overall production of ESBL-producing isolates was 16%. Our study confirms the prevalence of ESBL-producing uropathogens in Sokoto.