Antibiogram and Molecular Characterization of Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Producing Escherichia coli Isolates in General Hospital, Ilorin

Abstract

The use of antibiotic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases has greatly contributed to the associated reduction of morbidity and mortality. However, these great advances in treatments are being undermined by the rapid evolution of antibiotic resistance among pathogenic micro- organisms and have become a huge burden to global health. Extended Spectrum Beta- Lactamases are enzymes that hydrolyze beta lactam antibiotics but not caphamycins and carbapenems. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiogram and molecular characterization of ESBL producing Escherichia coli isolates in General Hospital, Ilorin. The study was conducted in General Hospital, Ilorin, located in North Central Nigeria. Escherichia coli were isolated using standard microbiological methods and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby Bauer's method. Polymerase Chain Reaction was used for the Characterization of extended Spectrum Beta-lactamase genes. Out of 375 samples tested, 11.2% showed growth of Escherichia coli where 23.8% were confirmed to be ESBL producers. The organism was tested against Augumentin 33.3%, Ceftriaxone 52.4%, Ceftazidime 16.7%, Gentamicin 26.2%, Imipenem 95.2%, Ciprofloxacin 42.9% and Nitrofurantoin 45.2%. This study revealed a high prevalence of bla; 100% where blacry., and blag were not detected in the isolates. This present study established the presence of ESBL genes among Escherichia coli isolates in this locality.